Peachtree Group CEO Greg Friedman and CFO Jatin Desai hosted Dennis Lockhart, former President of the Atlanta Federal Reserve for a fireside chat conversation during Peachtree Group's annual Investor Day. Lockhart spoke on the US economic outlook, Federal Reserve policy, geopolitical risks and commercial real estate trends.
Here are key highlights from their discussion.
In this episode of Peachtree's Point of View, Greg Friedman welcomes David Bitner, Global Head of Research and Executive Managing Director at Newmark, for an in-depth discussion on the commercial real estate landscape. They cover key economic and market trends, including the impact of sustained higher interest rates, the evolving debt market, and investment opportunities in a rapidly shifting environment. A major theme of the discussion is how higher interest rates continue to reshape commercial real estate valuations.
Commercial real estate investors and operators are facing a fundamental shift in market dynamics, with the era of ultra-low interest rates firmly in the rearview mirror. In a revealing conversation with Greg Friedman, David Bitner, Global Head of Research at Newmark, emphasizes that this change isn't temporary – it's a permanent feature of the investment landscape that requires a complete recalibration of expectations and strategies.
Looking ahead this year, Bitner anticipates continued volatility in interest rates, with the 10-year Treasury likely to run between 3.8% and the mid-5% range. This volatility, coupled with ongoing economic uncertainty, will significantly impact transaction activity and asset valuations across all property types.
Despite these challenges, there are bright spots emerging. Office markets showed their first positive net absorption in 18 quarters during Q4 2023, suggesting a potential turning point. The industrial sector is poised for recovery, particularly in secondary and tertiary markets, driven by near shoring trends and over $530 billion in planned manufacturing investments. Multifamily properties, especially new construction, show attractive pricing dynamics relative to existing stock.
For investors looking to deploy capital, David suggests a balanced approach with a significant allocation to debt investments, where spreads appear more attractive than equity returns. He particularly highlights opportunities in direct lending and mezzanine debt, where returns can reach 14%. On the equity side, he points to value-add opportunities in trophy office conversions, though emphasizing the critical importance of submarket selection.
The wall of debt maturities remains a significant concern, with approximately $2 trillion in commercial real estate loans maturing over the next couple of years. While banks have largely employed an "extend and pretend" strategy thus far, David suggests regulatory pressure and dwindling extension options could force more resolutions in 2025, leading to increased transaction activity and price discovery.
The podcast also touches on potential policy impacts from the new administration, including proposed tariffs and deregulation efforts, which could create both challenges and opportunities for commercial real estate markets.
For investors and operators in commercial real estate, 2025 promises to be a year of continued adaptation to new market realities. Success will require embracing volatility, adjusting return expectations, and taking amore targeted approach to investments across both debt and equity opportunities.
Peachtree Point of View explores today’s complex investment landscape, offering expert insights and actionable strategies to navigate dislocated markets and capitalize on mispriced risk. Each episode dives deep into market dynamics, equipping you with the knowledge to better understand and navigate the ever-changing financial world. Whether you're looking to invest, raise capital, or partner, we’ll reveal the tools and strategies needed to generate superior risk-adjusted returns.
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This year marks a watershed moment for commercial real estate stakeholders. The erratic nature of the market demands a deep understanding of financial tools and the willingness to embrace alternative approaches. Success hinges on adaptability, innovation and a thorough grasp of market dynamics. While the headwinds are expected to persist, this environment offers unique opportunities for those who are prepared.
Peachtree Group CEO Greg Friedman wrote about those challenges in this blog post: 2025 CRE Market Forecast: Adapting to Disruption.
Below, the Peachtree Group team shares their insights into how the market is evolving and their strategies for overcoming challenges and capitalizing on the opportunities in this transformative period for the commercial real estate industry.
“2025 could mark the end of the 'kicking the can' era in commercial real estate, as outside pressures - banks, brands and partnerships - force transactions that can no longer be delayed. We've already seen the shift begin in late 2024, with assets that stalled during prior marketing cycles resurfacing under note sales and distress-driven deals. As equity takes a backseat and control shifts to outside parties, prepared investors will find unique opportunities in this evolving landscape.”
Michael Bernath, SVP Acquisitions & Dispositions
"With debt maturities as the primary catalyst for capital events, the elevated interest rate environment and shifting property fundamentals are driving investors toward alternative strategies such as rescue capital, preferred equity and special situations. Borrower indecision and bank disagreements are fueling loan sales, while partnerships face stress from owner fatigue and capital calls, creating opportunities for M&A and large-scale equity trades. Against a backdrop of geopolitical risk, inflation and rising fixed costs, innovative and strategic approaches are essential for achieving growth."
Michael Ritz, EVP, Investments
“Banks, buoyed by strong reserves, are expected to sell commercial real estate loans as they manage risk exposure, address tighter regulatory requirements and free up capital. This trend will likely increase note transactions, offering investors access to discounted or even distressed assets. The market is also witnessing a significant rise in hybrid credit structures, blending debt and equity characteristics to provide flexible capital to borrowers while delivering attractive risk-adjusted returns to investors. The shifting environment in which traditional financing avenues are evolving presents opportunities for those equipped to navigate this chaotic market."
Jeremy Stoler, EVP, Debt Capital Markets
“In anticipation that public equities markets will generate lower annual returns over the next decade than in the decade prior, investors will increasingly seek alpha through alternative investments. Foreign capital partners in certain geographies and markets will continue to turn to U.S. commercial real estate to hedge against currency and geopolitical risks. Meanwhile, sponsor and LP fatigue will create a fertile environment for secondaries, special situations and structured finance deals, where fundamentally strong assets with challenged capital structures may be acquired or recapped at attractive valuations.”
Daniel Savage, VP Investments & Strategy, Equity Capital Markets
“The EB-5 program offers commercial real estate developers a distinctive advantage by providing lower-cost capital that enhances investment returns while creating jobs and driving economic growth. By including EB-5 financing into their capital stack, developers can better navigate stricter lending conditions and rising construction costs. This approach not only maximizes value but also positions the property for long-term success.”
Adam Greene, EVP, EB-5 Program
“Lenders holding post-COVID distressed loans, recognizing they won't recover cash flow, are preparing to liquidate in 2025, creating opportunities for strategic buyers. However, a 'higher-for-longer' interest rate environment continues to stall the transaction market, as sellers resist trading at elevated cap rates, prolonging the bid-ask gap."
Jared Schlosser, EVP, Hotel Lending & Head of CPACE
“The commercial real estate development landscape continues to evolve, and the fundamentals of the hospitality industry enable it to standout as a strong and flexible sector ready to take advantage of new opportunities. With generally higher cap rates, supply growth well under the long-run average and strong investor appetite in areas supported by the federally backed Opportunity Zone program, the hotel industry is well-positioned to lead new projects, especially in infill locations. This growth shows how development will move forward, even as other real estate sectors face tougher challenges and economic struggles.”
Will Woodworth, VP, Investments
The commercial real estate industry has entered a transformative period defined by Chaos, Complexity, Complications and Creativity. The interplay of macro-economic pressures, financial challenges and anticipated policy changes from the new administration has created a volatile environment that demands adaptability and strategic thinking from stakeholders.
The chaos in CRE stems from structural shifts and economic headwinds reshaping the industry. Elevated interest rates have fundamentally altered investment returns, making debt more expensive and refinancing significantly harder. An ongoing "wall of debt maturities," totaling $3.6 trillion over the next 36 months, will force owners to manage or restructure obligations under far less favorable conditions than when loans were originated.
We are at historic levels of debt maturing as we are at the tail end of a wave of CRE loans maturing, many of which originated before 2022, particularly in 2014 and 2015, reflecting the prevalent 10-year loan terms of that period. To put this into context, the average interest rate on CRE loans originated in 2024 was roughly 6.2% versus the 4.3% rate on maturing mortgages—a nearly200-basis-point increase, according to S&P Global.
Meanwhile, the new administration's plans to cut costs and tighten immigration policies introduce uncertainty, complicating operational and labor-related decisions. While the immigration policy discussions may create short-term volatility, its impact on long-term CRE investments is expected to be minimal. These discussions serve as an "eye candy" distraction without substantial consequences for capital deployment or the asset class's attractiveness.
These factors foster a chaotic and volatile environment, disrupting traditional approaches to ownership, transactions and refinancing.
CRE investments are inherently complex, and the current chaotic market magnifies these challenges. Rising debt obligations now exceed asset performance, particularly as rent growth and NOI struggle to keep pace with increasing costs. Market stress varies across sectors, with some assets thriving while others falter under outdated financing terms and reduced liquidity.
The complications stemming from broken capital stacks and operational challenges are expected to peak this year. Higher interest rates and more conservative lending criteria make debt restructuring increasingly tricky. Insurance and heightened compliance costs exacerbate inefficiencies, further straining asset performance.
In this challenging environment, creativity is no longer optional but essential. Owners and investors must adopt innovative strategies to structure deals, recapitalize assets and maintain competitiveness.
Strategies like CPACE financing, which enhances building efficiency while addressing funding gaps, and EB-5 investments, which access foreign capital through immigrant investor programs, offer viable solutions. Preferred equity and mezzanine debt can fill capital stack gaps, while private credit provides customized financing arrangements tailored to asset-specific needs. Creative structuring, such as Delaware Statutory Trusts (DSTs), maximizes tax advantages and enhances cash flow predictability.
Tax considerations should also play a vital role in determining your investment strategies. Delaware Statutory Trusts (DSTs) offer appealing solutions for 1031 exchange investors seeking tax deferral and portfolio diversification through high-quality assets.
Opportunity Zones remain one of the most significant tax benefits across the country while furthering the cause of urban redevelopment. These tax-advantaged instrument allows investors to reduce their tax burdens and extract more value from their CRE investments.
This year will be a watershed moment for commercial real-estate stakeholders. The erratic nature of the market means that financial tools must be intimately understood, and alternative approaches embraced. Success will come down to adaptability, innovation and a deep understanding of market dynamics. Although the headwinds will be persistent, this environment provides unique opportunities for those who are prepared to embrace the four Cs and help define a creative way forward.
The Peachtree Group team will share their insights into how the market is shaping up and how they plan to adapt their strategies to navigate Chaos, Complexity, Complications and Creativity. Each aims to overcome the headwinds and seize the opportunities presented in this transformative period for the commercial real estate industry.
The Peachtree Group team shares their insights into how the market is shaping up and how they plan to adapt their strategies to navigate Chaos, Complexity, Complications and Creativity. Each aims to overcome the headwinds and seize the opportunities presented in this transformative period for the commercial real estate industry. Read Peachtree's House Views Here.